![]() ![]() “Truth” (or what provisionally passes for truth at a particular time) is thus bounded both by the tolerance of empirical reality and by the consensus of the scholarly community (Blumer, 1968). Previously held views are not in general taken to be refuted by such contributions, but complemented by them. Often, these improvements come about by identifying ambiguity in prior, apparently clear, views, or by showing that there are cases in which some alternative view works better. There is a long-standing intellectual community for which it seems worthwhile to try to figure out collectively how best to talk about the empirical world, by means of incremental, partial improvements in understanding. The way we perceive and understand that world is largely up to us, but the world does not tolerate all understandings of it equally (so that the individual who believes he or she can halt a speeding train with his or her bare hands may be punished by the world for acting on that understanding). They suggest that the use of numbers in the process of recording and analyzing observations is less important than that the research should involve sustained interaction with the people being studied, in their own language and on their own turf. There is a world of empirical reality out there. Miller define what is-and what is not-qualitative research. of research are required both in quantitative and qualitative research, and objectivity is clearly divided into validity and reliability (Kirk & Miller. The assumptions underlying the search for objectivity are simple. ![]()
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